Первый отдел – The First Department (in charge of secrecy and political security of the workplace of every institution of the Soviet Union)

собственно – actually

отбояться – done being afraid

плен – captivity

пацан – guy, lad (slang)

предлагать (предложить) - offer

в обмен – in exchange (for)

шкипер – skipper, captain

вроде – kind of

буксир – tugboat, towboat

взрыв – explosion

за борт – (fall) overboard

доска – board, plank

хвататься (схватиться) – snatch (at), catch (at)